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India's waste management crisis has serious implications for its environment, economy and public health. We focus on creating technologies and solutions that minimize waste generation and convert all waste into useful products. This includes initiatives to promote a circular economy through resource efficient and cleaner production in industries, and maximize resource recovery and recycling for landfill-free cities.
Rapid industrialization, urbanization, and shifting consumption patterns have led to a dramatic rise in municipal solid waste (MSW) generation.
Oil spills are a worldwide phenomenon that pose a major threat to ecosystems and their flora and fauna. Despite the greatest efforts of the petroleum industry and consumers, oil spills throughout the country are increasing. Aside from oil spills, oil refineries produce a significant amount of toxic hydrocarbon waste that must be managed in an environmentally responsible manner. Physical (storing oil sludge and drill cutting in secured pits) and chemical techniques of removing these hydrocarbons are both costly and harmful to the environment.
As we observe International Zero Waste Day on March 30, the global spotlight is on the critical need to eliminate waste from one of the most waste intensive and environmentally impactful industry: fashion and textiles. The sector utilizes substantial amount of resources like water, chemicals, energy and in turn generates massive amounts of waste, threatening the overall human and environmental welfare and underscoring the urgency of adopting sustainable and circular practices.
Urbanization and industrialization have placed a heavy load on the environment by generating billion tons of harmful garbage every year. A study by TERI found India, in a year, produces over 62 million tons (MT) of waste, making it a leading cause of environmental and public health concerns in the country.
World Environment Day 2023 serves as an important reminder that the actions we take to mitigate plastic pollution have a significant impact. Now, more than ever, we must intensify these efforts and swiftly transition to a circular economy. Avanti Roy-Basu and Girija K Bharat say that as the world celebrates World Environment Day in 2023, focusing on “solutions to plastic pollution under the campaign #BeatPlasticPollution”, it is crucial to understand that each one of us has multiple roles to play in addressing this global crisis.
The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), under its EIACP programme, hosted a vibrant one-day workshop “Breath of Change” on 12 August, 2025, at the Govt. Co-ed Senior Secondary School, Singhu (Narela), bringing together residents, students, Resident Welfare Associations, and environmental experts to champion cleaner air and sustainable waste practices.
As part of the DST-sponsored project “Innovative Interventions in Mokhada Block of Palghar District to Address Malnutrition and Enhance Livelihoods of ST Communities,” a two-day training workshop was conducted on November 27–28, 2024, in Hirve and Gonde Khurd villages. Led by Project Associates Vaishnavi Narvankar and Dr Ninad Marathe, 37 tribal women belonging to Self-Help Groups (SHGs) received training for the cultivation of oyster mushrooms and Azolla.
On October 25, 2024, TERI, in collaboration with VITO and AKTU, organized and conducted a workshop on "Ayodhya Waste-Climate Solutions” in Ayodhya as part of the project “Climate Resilience and Resilient Governance in India”: a pilot of capacity building and awareness in Ayodhya sponsored by G-STIC.This workshop provided a learning platform to the stakeholder engaged in Ayodhya’s waste management practices. It introduced the a MSW-Dashboard—a pioneering tool created by TERI and VITO to improve waste management through monitoring of key performance parameters.
The state cabinet decided to appoint The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) to provide advisory support for iron ore reclamation and waste stabilisation activities for mining dumps in Goa. TERI will also monitor the operations of the dumps to avoid environmental degradation. TERI will prepare common guidelines for bidders to submit the Detailed Project Report (DPR) for handling dumps and waste.
The state cabinet decided to appoint The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) to provide advisory support for iron ore reclamation and waste stabilisation activities for mining dumps in Goa. TERI will also monitor the operations of the dumps to avoid environmental degradation. TERI will prepare common guidelines for bidders to submit the Detailed Project Report (DPR) for handling dumps and waste.
The primary issue is that garbage is not sorted at the source. Consequently, the mixed garbage is deposited at landfills, where it is disposed of in an improper manner, states Ms. Shweta Gautam, Research Associate at The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI).
The financial viability of material recovery facilities depends on the collection of good quality dry waste. But this gets lost in the informal sector. So, there’s a need to train and integrate them, according to Dr Suneel Pandey, Director of Circular Economy and Waste Management Division, TERI.
While policy in India is robust and in line with international commitments, the reduction in plastic-waste recycling rates is a matter of concern writes Dr Suneel Pandey, Senior Fellow and Director, Circular Economy and Waste Management Division, TERI.
The phase-out of DDT in India has been extended to meet the ongoing demand for exports, and there is a renewed emphasis on the transition to safer biopesticides by the end of 2025. A successful and sustainable transition necessitates a coordinated strategy that integrates scientific innovation, policy reform, and inclusive stakeholder engagement, writes Dr Ankur Khare, Associate Fellow, Circular Economy and Waste Management Division, TERI.
There is significant potential to increase waste diversion in India, which can extend the lifespan of disposal sites, advance a circular economy, reduce emissions, and improve air quality and public health.
In 2020, global municipal solid waste (MSW) generation reached 2.24 billion tonnes, a figure projected to rise to 3.88 billion tonnes by 2050. This increase will be largely driven by the fastest-growing regions, including sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa, South Asia, and the Middle East, where waste levels are expected to double or even triple.
Plastics not only are enduring, lightweight, and available at low prices, but also have very good thermal and electrical insulation properties. The versatile properties of various plastic polymers— being water-resistant, non-porous, ductile and malleable—make them suitable for manufacturing a wide range of products that also bring medical and technological advances in our modern society.
Fostering circularity in plastic use is an effective way to reduce contamination of marine and coastal environments with plastics and man-made debris. However, there are many challenges down this path.
Anthropogenic activities like (i) agriculture fertilisers, (ii) coastal pisciculture, (i) sewage discharge, (iv) industrial activity, (v) burning fossil fuels and (vi) effluents from ports increase nutrients in surface water and seas. Nitrate pollution is largely caused by agriculture run-off, discharge from industry and manure or sewage. Phosphate pollution is tied to improper treatment of detergents in wastewater and from agro-fertilisers.
