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2.3
Figure 3.6 (c) Time-varying CO Concentration in Hangzhou (Observed on
March 5, 2005)
Figure 3.6 (d) Time-varying NOx Concentration in Hangzhou (observed on
March 5, 2005)
where,
Q = total annual emissions from motor vehicles (t/a)
Qrun= total annual running emissions from motor vehicles (t/a)
Qst= total annual start emissions from motor vehicles (t/a)
EFrun= running emission factor for motor vehicles (g/L and vehicle)
EFst= start emission factor for motor vehicles (g/start and vehicle)
L = average annual car mileage (km/a)
D = fuel economy (L/km)
T = total number of starts (start/a)
M = number of vehicles
Chapter 3 Informing Sub-national Actions 151
Figure 3.6 (c) Time-varying CO Concentration in Hangzhou (Observed on
March 5, 2005)
Figure 3.6 (d) Time-varying NOx Concentration in Hangzhou (observed on
March 5, 2005)
where,
Q = total annual emissions from motor vehicles (t/a)
Qrun= total annual running emissions from motor vehicles (t/a)
Qst= total annual start emissions from motor vehicles (t/a)
EFrun= running emission factor for motor vehicles (g/L and vehicle)
EFst= start emission factor for motor vehicles (g/start and vehicle)
L = average annual car mileage (km/a)
D = fuel economy (L/km)
T = total number of starts (start/a)
M = number of vehicles
Chapter 3 Informing Sub-national Actions 151
