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Building LED The United States, Japan, Germany, and Taiwan are most advanced
and technology in LED technology. The majority of patented technologies are in
residential the hands of a small number of large companies, and the core
New building technology has been securely protected. China is currently doing
General envelope packaging and heat sink, and has not acquired core technologies.
technology materials and
parts China has induced and learned a number of technologies in external
wall and roof insulation. Major breakthrough has been made in the
Regional technology advancement in external windows and glass curtain
combined walls but the level of technology diffusion is low; there is a huge gap
heat and in technology compared with foreign advanced companies in the
power (BCHP) outdoor sunshade field.
technologies
BCHP offers a solution to the energy supply of large public
High power buildings. Compared with direct access to grid electricity, the
electronic technology can save primary energy by 20% ~ 30%. Major
devices, technical obstacles include: high power efficiency, low emission
especially gas fired power plants, and high density, high conversion efficiency
power thermal driven air conditioning.
semiconductor
component There is still a gap between the level of China’s high power
technology electronic products and foreign electronic products. Represented by
Siemens and ABB, the European Union is in the leading position in
Permanent high power electronic products and technologies. IGBT and IGCT
magnet DC devices have been the constraints of China’s electric and electronics
brushless industry, especially the high power electronics industry.
motor
Micro, small areas implication of this technology is relatively
mature. Japan is in the leading position in this technology. Even
with China’s rare earth resources, technology providers from
developed countries continue to lead in this field.
1.2 Strategies and Policies for Low Carbon
Technology Development in China and India
1.2.1 Energy Technology Innovation System: Concept and
Characteristics
Earlier, technology innovation processes were often referred to as
‘linear’ models. These models emphasized the role of basic, largely
publicly funded science in a linear innovation process from basic
research to applied development, demonstration, and concluding with
the diffusion process (see the upper part of Figure 1.3). However, in
reality, it is well understood that the innovation process is neither
linear nor unidirectional (Mowery and Rosenberg 1979; Landau and
Rosenberg 1986; Freeman and Hobday 1994). Rather, the stages of
the innovation process are linked with feedbacks between each stage,
34 Low Carbon Development in China and India
and technology in LED technology. The majority of patented technologies are in
residential the hands of a small number of large companies, and the core
New building technology has been securely protected. China is currently doing
General envelope packaging and heat sink, and has not acquired core technologies.
technology materials and
parts China has induced and learned a number of technologies in external
wall and roof insulation. Major breakthrough has been made in the
Regional technology advancement in external windows and glass curtain
combined walls but the level of technology diffusion is low; there is a huge gap
heat and in technology compared with foreign advanced companies in the
power (BCHP) outdoor sunshade field.
technologies
BCHP offers a solution to the energy supply of large public
High power buildings. Compared with direct access to grid electricity, the
electronic technology can save primary energy by 20% ~ 30%. Major
devices, technical obstacles include: high power efficiency, low emission
especially gas fired power plants, and high density, high conversion efficiency
power thermal driven air conditioning.
semiconductor
component There is still a gap between the level of China’s high power
technology electronic products and foreign electronic products. Represented by
Siemens and ABB, the European Union is in the leading position in
Permanent high power electronic products and technologies. IGBT and IGCT
magnet DC devices have been the constraints of China’s electric and electronics
brushless industry, especially the high power electronics industry.
motor
Micro, small areas implication of this technology is relatively
mature. Japan is in the leading position in this technology. Even
with China’s rare earth resources, technology providers from
developed countries continue to lead in this field.
1.2 Strategies and Policies for Low Carbon
Technology Development in China and India
1.2.1 Energy Technology Innovation System: Concept and
Characteristics
Earlier, technology innovation processes were often referred to as
‘linear’ models. These models emphasized the role of basic, largely
publicly funded science in a linear innovation process from basic
research to applied development, demonstration, and concluding with
the diffusion process (see the upper part of Figure 1.3). However, in
reality, it is well understood that the innovation process is neither
linear nor unidirectional (Mowery and Rosenberg 1979; Landau and
Rosenberg 1986; Freeman and Hobday 1994). Rather, the stages of
the innovation process are linked with feedbacks between each stage,
34 Low Carbon Development in China and India
