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markets such as India and Brazil have much earlier introduced
financial derivatives such as carbon futures and carbon options. The
internationally typical carbon financial trading tools include carbon
forward transactions, carbon options, carbon futures, and securitized
carbon financial products. Table 2.10 depicts the emissions trading and
carbon financial products in Europe, America, Australia, and Asia.
Table 2.10 Major Foreign Emissions Trading and Carbon Financial Products 2.2
Regions Name Carbon finance
European Climate Exchange (ECX) Future option products of EUA, ERU and CER
forward
European Energy Exchange (EEX) Electric available goods, Electricity, EUAs
Europe Nord Pool (NP) Electricity, EUA, CER
BlueNext Exchange Available products and derivatives from EUA
and CER
Climex Exchange EUAs, CERs, VERs, ERUs and AAUs
Green Exchange EUAS, CERs, RGGI, SO2 and NOx quota and
California Carbon Emission Quota CCAS, in
addition there is the VER/VCU, RECs
America Chicago Climate Exchange (CCX) Six kinds of greenhouses offset project trade
credit of North America Brazil
Chicago Climate Futures Exchange Future contract of standard and settle
(CCFE) accounts of discarded discharge quota and
other environmental products
Australian Climate Exchange (ACX) CERs, VERs, RECs
Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) RECs
Australian Financial and Energy Environment, etc., exchange products and
Exchange (FEX) over-the-counter services
Singapore Mercantile Exchange (SMX)
Australia Singapore Asia Carbon Exchange Long-term contract of carbon credit future
and Asia (ACX-change) goods and share options or the already
signed and issued CERs or VERs (voluntary
emissions reduction) auction
Multi Commodity Exchange of India Two carbon trade credit carbon product
(MCX) contracts: CERs and CFIs (Carbon Financial
Instruments)
National Multi Commodity Exchange CERs
of India Ltd
Carbon forward transaction means that a contract is signed on a
carbon emission reduction project (such as a CDM project) before the
Chapter 2 Innovative Financing for Low Carbon Development 109
financial derivatives such as carbon futures and carbon options. The
internationally typical carbon financial trading tools include carbon
forward transactions, carbon options, carbon futures, and securitized
carbon financial products. Table 2.10 depicts the emissions trading and
carbon financial products in Europe, America, Australia, and Asia.
Table 2.10 Major Foreign Emissions Trading and Carbon Financial Products 2.2
Regions Name Carbon finance
European Climate Exchange (ECX) Future option products of EUA, ERU and CER
forward
European Energy Exchange (EEX) Electric available goods, Electricity, EUAs
Europe Nord Pool (NP) Electricity, EUA, CER
BlueNext Exchange Available products and derivatives from EUA
and CER
Climex Exchange EUAs, CERs, VERs, ERUs and AAUs
Green Exchange EUAS, CERs, RGGI, SO2 and NOx quota and
California Carbon Emission Quota CCAS, in
addition there is the VER/VCU, RECs
America Chicago Climate Exchange (CCX) Six kinds of greenhouses offset project trade
credit of North America Brazil
Chicago Climate Futures Exchange Future contract of standard and settle
(CCFE) accounts of discarded discharge quota and
other environmental products
Australian Climate Exchange (ACX) CERs, VERs, RECs
Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) RECs
Australian Financial and Energy Environment, etc., exchange products and
Exchange (FEX) over-the-counter services
Singapore Mercantile Exchange (SMX)
Australia Singapore Asia Carbon Exchange Long-term contract of carbon credit future
and Asia (ACX-change) goods and share options or the already
signed and issued CERs or VERs (voluntary
emissions reduction) auction
Multi Commodity Exchange of India Two carbon trade credit carbon product
(MCX) contracts: CERs and CFIs (Carbon Financial
Instruments)
National Multi Commodity Exchange CERs
of India Ltd
Carbon forward transaction means that a contract is signed on a
carbon emission reduction project (such as a CDM project) before the
Chapter 2 Innovative Financing for Low Carbon Development 109
